What It Actually Costs You To Make It
If you assemble, mix or repack anything, your cost is a guess until the recipe is written down. What a bill of materials fixes — and the two costs it leaves out.
Plain-English guides on GST rates, filing deadlines, and invoicing — written for Indian business owners and their accountants.
If you assemble, mix or repack anything, your cost is a guess until the recipe is written down. What a bill of materials fixes — and the two costs it leaves out.
You do not need a printed barcode from the manufacturer to scan at the till. How to put your own codes on your own stock, and why the printing has to work offline.
Your P&L says the year went well and you still cannot pay the supplier. What a forward cash view actually projects, and the one number you have to supply yourself.
Trade schemes are how FMCG and pharma actually price. Where the free goods belong on the bill, why they repeat, and the slab boundary that quietly costs you money.
One profit figure for the whole business hides the branch that is losing money. How tagging invoices and expenses to a cost centre turns one set of books into several.
Short supply, a rate that quietly changed, and a bill you have already paid. Why the moment stock arrives deserves its own record, and what three-way matching catches.
A customer commits to a hundred pieces and takes forty now. Billing all hundred is wrong, and billing forty with no record of the rest is how the other sixty get forgotten.
A second state means a second registration, and a second registration files its own returns. What that actually changes in your billing software.
The item that sells steadily is the one you notice is finished only when a customer asks for it. Your own outward movements can tell you first.
Most traders decide on instinct and a rough memory of how the last few bills went. Your own invoice history already holds a better answer.
Every shelf disagrees with the system eventually. A stock take is how you find out by how much — and the part most people get wrong is what happens after the counting.
Your input tax credit depends on what your suppliers filed, not on what you recorded. Here is how to find the gap between the two before you claim.
Wholesale, retail, and the rate you gave an old customer eleven years ago. How to keep three price lists straight without remembering any of them at the counter.
Chasing money is the job small business owners hate most. What a reminder should contain, why the log matters more than the message, and the part software does not do for you.
The customer is at the counter and the connection is gone. What offline billing actually means in a web app, what it can and cannot do, and why the honest limits matter more than the feature.
A stack of PDCs feels like money in hand. Treating it that way is how books end up overstating what you have. What to record, when, and the two questions a cheque list must answer.
For anything with a shelf life, shipping the oldest stock first is not good enough. Stock received last week can expire before stock received last year. What to track instead.
Rent, AMC, retainers, subscriptions. The same invoice, to the same customer, for the same amount, forever — and the one that gets forgotten is always the one nobody chased.
Everyone asks whether software can import. Almost nobody asks whether it can export. The second question is the one that decides how trapped you are in three years.
The moment a second person touches your books, "I think someone edited it" stops being good enough. What a usable change history looks like, and what it must not let anyone do.
Your books say one thing and the bank says another. Reconciliation is not an accounting ritual — it is the only check that catches money you forgot to record.
The system says forty. The shelf says thirty-six. Four went somewhere and nobody wrote it down. Where stock quietly drifts, and the one habit that closes the gap.
Most businesses treat the customer master as an address book. It is closer to a settings file: two fields on it silently decide the tax on every invoice you will ever raise to that party.
The thing that stops most businesses switching is not the software. It is the thought of re-keying every customer and every item by hand. You do not have to.
Every accounting screen shows a total that is equal on both sides, and most business owners assume that means the numbers are correct. It does not. Here is what it actually proves.
Nobody switches on 1 April. You switch in August, with half a year of history in the old system, and the question is what has to come with you and what does not.
Material goes out to be worked on and comes back in pieces, over weeks, sometimes short. Almost nobody tracks it until a stock count refuses to add up. Here is the small amount of discipline that prevents that.
Goods leave your premises long before anyone raises a bill — for job work, for approval, to your own godown. The paperwork that travels with them is a different document, and it is the one most often improvised.
Two fields people fill in carelessly on every invoice, and the specific ways that comes back — at filing, at a customer dispute, and when you try to work out what actually sells.
Five documents that look almost identical and mean completely different things. Sending the wrong one is one of the easiest mistakes to make and one of the most annoying to unwind.
Four lines, in order, and what each one is actually telling you. No accounting background needed and none assumed.
A profit figure built from complete sales and partial expenses is not conservative or approximate. It is wrong in one direction, every month.
Four fields decide whether an expense entry is a real record or just a number in a list. Most people fill in one of them.
Sales get recorded because they bring money in. Purchases get recorded in a panic at filing time. The asymmetry is the single biggest source of scramble.
Every block on a GST invoice is pulled from somewhere you configured. Knowing which is which turns 'the invoice is wrong' into a field you can go and fix.
Six fields you fill in on day one, and what each one silently controls on every bill afterwards — including the two that decide your tax split.
The same four requests arrive every filing cycle. They are all derivable from your invoices — which is why the scramble is a bookkeeping problem, not an accounting one.
Sharing a login is the usual way and the worst way. What read-only accountant access should look like, what it should not be able to do, and how to take it back.
The single field most often entered carelessly, and what it silently controls on every bill you raise afterwards.
What you actually need before your first invoice — business details, one customer, one item — and why the GSTIN matters more than anything else you enter.
An honest look at when a free plan is enough for a small business, and the specific signals that mean it is time to pay for one.
Per-user fees, invoice caps, renewal jumps and paid add-ons. A checklist for working out what billing software will actually cost you over a year.
The khata works. This is an honest look at what a digital customer ledger adds, what it does not, and how to move across without losing your history.
Most small businesses lose money not to bad sales but to bills nobody chased. Here is a simple system for knowing exactly who owes you what, and getting paid.
The composition scheme lets small businesses pay 1-6% flat tax with quarterly filing. Eligibility limits, tax rates, restrictions, and when it's a bad idea.
Every GST invoice needs HSN codes. Learn what HSN/SAC codes are, how many digits you need by turnover, how to find your code, and wrong-code penalties.
ITC lets you reduce GST liability by the tax paid on purchases. Learn the four conditions, GSTR-2B matching, blocked credits, and time limits.
Compare GST billing software for Indian SMBs: Tally, Zoho Books, Vyapar, and BizGST Pro — pricing, features, cloud access, and which fits your business.
Missed a GST deadline? Here are the exact late fees for GSTR-1 and GSTR-3B, 18% interest rules, and penalties for wrong invoices and unregistered business.
E-way bill is required for goods movement above ₹50,000. Learn generation rules, validity by distance, exemptions and penalties for transport without one.
E-invoicing is mandatory for businesses above the turnover threshold. Learn the current limit, how IRN generation works, exemptions, and penalties.
Who needs GST registration in India? Current threshold limits (₹40/20/10 lakh), mandatory registration cases, documents required, and the online process.
GSTR-3B is your monthly GST summary return, due by the 20th. Step-by-step filing guide, due dates, late fee rules, and how to avoid interest.
Calculate GST with simple formulas: add GST, remove GST from inclusive price, and split CGST/SGST/IGST. Updated for GST 2.0 rates 0%, 5%, 18%, 40%.
GST 2.0 removed the 12% and 28% slabs from 22 Sep 2025. Here's the new 0/5/18/40 structure and exactly what small businesses must do.
GSTR-1 is your monthly sales return, due by the 11th. Learn what it contains, when to file, and how to prepare it without the last-minute rush.
A valid GST invoice needs specific fields — GSTIN, HSN, place of supply, tax split, and more. Here's the complete checklist for compliant invoicing.